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Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) supplementation has been reported to increase brain creatine content more effectively than creatine monohydrate (CrM). However, the effects on cognitive function are unclear. The purpose of this proof-of-concept exploratory clinical trial was to determine whether GAA supplementation with and without CrM affects cognitive function and/or markers of health. In a double-blind, randomized, […]

Creatine supplementation can improve muscle outcomes in older adults, particularly when combined with resistance exercise; however, its efficacy without exercise is less consistent. Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), the immediate precursor of creatine, may bypass age-related limitations in creatine synthesis and transport and exert distinct effects on muscle energetics and protein metabolism. The main aim of the […]

Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is the precursor to creatine. Preliminary studies indicate that GAA supplementation (e.g. 2–3 g/d for 4 weeks) can increase brain creatine to a similar degree as higher amounts of CrM. However, more research is needed to assess the efficacy of long-term higher-dose CrM supplementation on cognitive function and whether GAA may provide similar or […]

Several preliminary studies suggest dietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) might impact methyl group availability and/or methylation biomarkers, fueling ongoing debates. This study aimed to explore the relationship between dietary GAA intake and plasma indicators of the methylation cycle in individuals aged one year and older, using data from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey […]

A post-marketing surveillance study assessed the adverse events and possible risk of elevated homocysteine levels after the supplementation with creatine-guanidinoacetic acid mixture in apparently healthy adults. The participants were recruited through social media platforms and online discussion boards, with side effects and total plasma homocysteine (T-Hcy) levels evaluated regularly during a supplementation period of 6 […]

The main objective of this pilot study was to compare the effects of short-term supplementation with a mixture containing creatine and guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) versus creatine alone on body composition indices in men and women. Twenty-three apparently healthy young adults (mean age: 21.4 ± 0.6 years; 10 females) were randomly assigned to receive either a […]

The authors studied the effects of 24-h fasting on serum levels of GAA, creatine, and creatinine in 24 non-vegetarian healthy adults. Blood was taken before and following an intervention, with levels corrected for fasting-induced changes in plasma volume. Food abstention induced a significant decrease in serum GAA by 39.5% (p < 0.001), while creatinine levels increased by […]

The authors analyzed forms of creatine for sale on Amazon.com and evaluated if the advertised claims are supported by the available scientific evidence, and analyzed the cost per gram of the forms of creatine. A total of 175 creatine supplements were included and the authors reported the total creatine content per serving, form(s) of creatine […]

Tackling impaired bioenergetics in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been recently recognized as an innovative approach with therapeutic potential. GAA is an experimental nutrient that plays a significant role in high-energy phosphate metabolism. The preliminary trials suggest beneficial effects of supplemental GAA in MS, with GAA augments biomarkers of brain energy metabolism and improves patient-reported features […]